Question 1 of 40The ITIL Value System
An organisation receives a request to improve its internet connectivity. Several teams must coordinate to plan, procure, install, and test the new connection before users can benefit.
Which ITIL concept describes the overarching model that enables all these activities to work together and produce value?
AValue chain
B ✓Value system
COperating model
DService offering
Explanation: The value system is the overarching model showing how all components and activities of an organisation work together to facilitate value creation. The value chain is just one component inside it.
Question 2 of 40The ITIL Value System
A service desk team resolves a major outage. After the incident is closed, the team conducts a post-incident review to identify what caused the problem and how to prevent recurrence.
Which value chain activity is MOST associated with this review?
ADeliver
BTransition
C ✓Support
DAcquire
Explanation: Support focuses on identifying and resolving incidents, fulfilling disaster recovery, and capturing consumer feedback — which includes post-incident reviews to prevent recurrence.
Question 3 of 40The ITIL Value System
Identify the missing word(s) in the following sentence.
The [ ? ] is the set of interconnected activities an organisation uses to deliver value through its products and services, transforming demand into outcomes.
AOperating model
B ✓Value chain
CService offering
DGovernance framework
Explanation: The value chain is the set of interconnected activities (Discover, Design, Acquire, Build, Transition, Operate, Deliver, Support) that collectively create and deliver value.
Question 4 of 40The ITIL Value System
A bank is planning to replace its legacy loan processing system with a cloud-based platform. The project team must align this initiative with the bank's long-term digital strategy before committing resources.
Which value chain activity BEST describes this alignment step?
ADesign
BAcquire
C ✓Discover
DTransition
Explanation: Discover ensures continual alignment of product roadmaps and service offerings with the needs of consumers and organisational strategy — precisely what the bank is doing before committing to the new platform.
Question 5 of 40The ITIL Value System
Which of the following BEST describes the purpose of the 'Operate' activity in the value chain?
ATo develop and test digital products, transforming designs into functional solutions
B ✓To maintain and monitor digital products, ensuring optimal performance and reliability
CTo introduce new or updated products into operational environments
DTo provide services to users and manage their onboarding
Explanation: Operate maintains and monitors digital products and supporting systems, ensuring optimal performance and reliability. Develop/test = Build; introducing to production = Transition; user onboarding = Deliver.
Question 6 of 40The ITIL Value System
An organisation's governance board sets the direction for how IT services should be managed and holds the leadership team accountable for outcomes.
In the ITIL Value System, which component does this represent?
AGuiding principles
BPractices
C ✓Governance
DContinual improvement
Explanation: Governance is the means by which an organisation is directed and controlled. It sets direction and holds leadership accountable — separate from guiding principles which are voluntary recommendations.
Question 7 of 40The ITIL Value System
Which of the following is NOT one of the five components of the ITIL Value System?
AGuiding principles
BPractices
C ✓Service catalogue
DContinual improvement
Explanation: The five components of the Value System are: Guiding principles, Governance, Value chain, Practices, and Continual improvement. A service catalogue is not a component of the Value System.
Question 8 of 40The ITIL Value System
A logistics company is rolling out a new parcel tracking application. The development team has finished building and testing it. The next step is to move it safely into the live production environment for customers to use.
Which value chain activity covers this step?
ABuild
BDeliver
C ✓Transition
DOperate
Explanation: Transition seamlessly introduces new or updated products into operational environments. Build precedes it (development and testing). Deliver comes after (providing services to users).
Question 9 of 40The ITIL Value System
A hospital IT team is procuring new server hardware and software licences needed to support a new patient records system.
Which value chain activity BEST describes this procurement step?
ADiscover
B ✓Acquire
CBuild
DDesign
Explanation: Acquire covers securing and allocating necessary resources efficiently, including hardware, software licences, and other inputs needed for a service.
Question 10 of 40The ITIL Value System
Which TWO of the following are value chain activities in ITIL?
1. Govern
2. Discover
3. Optimise
4. Deliver
A1 and 3
B ✓2 and 4
C1 and 4
D2 and 3
Explanation: The 8 value chain activities are: Discover, Design, Acquire, Build, Transition, Operate, Deliver, Support. 'Govern' and 'Optimise' are not value chain activities.
Question 11 of 40The ITIL Value System
An IT manager wants to improve the incident management process. A consultant recommends scrapping the existing process entirely and starting from scratch with a new tool.
Which guiding principle does this recommendation MOST conflict with?
AFocus on value
BKeep it simple and practical
C ✓Start where you are
DProgress iteratively with feedback
Explanation: 'Start where you are' advises against starting over without first assessing what is already available and useful. The consultant is ignoring existing capabilities without proper assessment.
Question 12 of 40The ITIL Value System
A service improvement initiative involves 12 separate teams across IT, HR, and Finance. Progress has stalled because decisions are being made in isolation without shared information.
Which guiding principle should be applied to address this?
AKeep it simple and practical
BOptimise and automate
C ✓Collaborate and promote visibility
DFocus on value
Explanation: 'Collaborate and promote visibility' addresses exactly this scenario — involving the right people, sharing information, and making progress transparent across teams to improve buy-in and outcomes.
Question 13 of 40The ITIL Value System
Identify the missing word(s) in the following sentence.
The guiding principle '[ ? ]' states that every activity should directly or indirectly contribute to delivering value to customers and other stakeholders.
AThink and work holistically
B ✓Focus on value
CProgress iteratively with feedback
DStart where you are
Explanation: 'Focus on value' is the guiding principle that requires every activity to link back — directly or indirectly — to value for customers, the organisation, and other stakeholders.
Question 14 of 40The ITIL Value System
An organisation is implementing a new service management tool. The project team plans to automate all ticket routing immediately. However, the current routing rules are poorly defined and inconsistent.
Which guiding principle is being VIOLATED?
AFocus on value
BCollaborate and promote visibility
C ✓Optimise and automate
DThink and work holistically
Explanation: 'Optimise and automate' requires simplifying and optimising before automating. Automating inconsistent, poorly defined rules will amplify the existing problems at scale.
Question 15 of 40The ITIL Value System
A large IT change programme is broken into monthly releases, each delivering a defined set of improvements. After each release, the team reviews results before planning the next one.
Which guiding principle does this approach BEST demonstrate?
AThink and work holistically
BStart where you are
C ✓Progress iteratively with feedback
DKeep it simple and practical
Explanation: 'Progress iteratively with feedback' organises work into smaller, manageable sections that are delivered and re-evaluated — exactly what monthly releases with post-release reviews represent.
Question 16 of 40The ITIL Value System
A service designer is creating a new employee onboarding service. She considers the impact on IT provisioning, HR processes, finance systems, and the user's first-day experience simultaneously.
Which guiding principle is she applying?
AKeep it simple and practical
B ✓Think and work holistically
CCollaborate and promote visibility
DFocus on value
Explanation: 'Think and work holistically' requires understanding how all parts of the organisation work together. Considering IT, HR, finance, and the user experience simultaneously reflects this principle.
Question 17 of 40The ITIL Value System
An organisation has defined its improvement goal: reduce average incident resolution time by 30% over the next quarter. The team now needs to understand the current resolution time baseline.
Which step of the continual improvement model are they in?
AWhat is the vision?
B ✓Where are we now?
CHow do we get there?
DWhere do we want to be?
Explanation: 'Where are we now?' involves baseline assessments of the current state — measuring current average resolution time before planning how to improve it.
Question 18 of 40The ITIL Value System
After completing a service improvement initiative, the IT team measures outcomes against the original targets and reports that response times have improved by 35%, exceeding the goal.
Which step of the continual improvement model does this represent?
AHow do we get there?
BTake action
C ✓Did we get there?
DHow do we keep the momentum going?
Explanation: 'Did we get there?' involves assessing the new state and measuring whether the targets have been achieved.
Question 19 of 40The ITIL Value System
Identify the missing word(s) in the following sentence.
In the continual improvement model, '[ ? ]' are necessary preconditions that must be in place for the improvement to succeed, while KPIs measure progress toward the target.
AKey Performance Indicators
B ✓Critical Success Factors
CGuiding principles
DBaselines
Explanation: Critical Success Factors (CSFs) are necessary preconditions for achieving intended results. KPIs measure success in meeting objectives. Both are used in the continual improvement model.
Question 20 of 40The ITIL Value System
A hospital has completed a year-long service improvement programme. The programme manager recommends closing the initiative and moving on. The IT director disagrees, arguing the work is never truly finished.
Which characteristic of continual improvement supports the IT director's position?
AContinual improvement is a one-time project with a defined end date
B ✓Continual improvement loops back to reassess vision and relevance after each cycle
CContinual improvement only applies during major transformation programmes
DContinual improvement ends when all KPIs are green
Explanation: Continual improvement is an ongoing cycle that loops back to reassess whether improvement remains relevant and aligned to the vision. It never truly ends — it feeds the next cycle.
Question 21 of 40Key ITIL terms and definitions
A retailer subscribes to a cloud-based inventory management platform. The retailer does not need to manage the underlying servers, databases, or software updates — the provider handles all of that.
Which ITIL concept does this BEST illustrate?
AProduct
BOutcome
C ✓Service
DUtility
Explanation: A service enables value co-creation by facilitating outcomes the customer wants without them managing specific costs and risks — the definition of a service.
Question 22 of 40Key ITIL terms and definitions
A software deployment produces a new version of the payroll application. HR staff can now process salaries 40% faster than before.
What is the 'new version of the payroll application' in ITIL terms?
AOutcome
B ✓Output
CValue
DBenefit
Explanation: An output is a tangible or intangible deliverable of an activity. The new version of the application is the output. The 40% improvement in processing speed is the outcome enabled by that output.
Question 23 of 40Key ITIL terms and definitions
After deploying the new payroll application, HR staff can process salaries 40% faster. The Finance Director notes that the annual payroll run now takes 3 days instead of 5.
What is the '3-day payroll run' in ITIL terms?
AOutput
BUtility
C ✓Outcome
DWarranty
Explanation: An outcome is a result for a stakeholder enabled by one or more outputs. The faster payroll run is the business outcome enabled by the new application (the output).
Question 24 of 40Key ITIL terms and definitions
A new expense management application allows staff to submit claims from their phones. However, the app is unavailable every Friday evening during a scheduled maintenance window, which is when many staff submit claims after business trips.
Which dimension of value is MOST impacted?
AUtility — the app does not do what users need
B ✓Warranty — the app is not available when users need it
COutcome — the claims are not processed correctly
DValue — the app provides no benefit to the organisation
Explanation: Warranty is fit for use — covering availability. The app works (utility present) but is unavailable at the critical time (warranty impacted).
Question 25 of 40Key ITIL terms and definitions
A service provider offers three types of engagement: basic transactional support for small clients, customised packages for mid-market clients, and deep partnership arrangements for enterprise clients.
What ITIL concept describes these three engagement types?
AService levels
B ✓Service relationship types
CService offerings
DOperating models
Explanation: ITIL defines three service relationship types: Basic (transactional), Cooperative (customised), and Collaborative (partnership).
Question 26 of 40Key ITIL terms and definitions
Identify the missing word(s) in the following sentence.
[ ? ] is the assurance that a product or service will meet agreed requirements — specifically covering how the service performs in terms of availability, capacity, security, and continuity.
AUtility
BOutcome
C ✓Warranty
DValue proposition
Explanation: Warranty is fit for use — assurance that the service performs as required. It covers availability, capacity, security, and continuity. Utility covers what the service does (fit for purpose).
Question 27 of 40Key ITIL terms and definitions
An organisation's IT department provides services to internal business units. The business units fund IT services through internal charge-backs and define what outcomes they need.
In ITIL terms, what role do the business units play?
AUsers
BSponsors
C ✓Customers
DStakeholders
Explanation: Customers define requirements and take responsibility for outcomes of service consumption. The business units define what they need and fund IT — making them customers.
Question 28 of 40Key ITIL terms and definitions
Which of the following is NOT a component of a service offering?
AGoods
BAccess to resources
CService actions
D ✓Service level agreements
Explanation: A service offering consists of goods, access to resources, and service actions. Service level agreements are a separate concept — not a component of the offering itself.
Question 29 of 40The ITIL Four Dimensions
An organisation is designing a new IT service and realises they need to consider technical architecture, team structures, required skills, data flows, and relationships with cloud vendors.
What ITIL concept requires considering all of these together?
AThe Service Value System
B ✓The Four Dimensions of Product and Service Management
CThe guiding principles
DThe continual improvement model
Explanation: The Four Dimensions of Product and Service Management (Organisations & People, Information & Technology, Partners & Suppliers, Value Streams & Processes) require all four perspectives to be considered together when designing any product or service. ITIL v5 updated the name from "service management" to "product and service management" to reflect the expanded scope.
Question 30 of 40The ITIL Four Dimensions
A financial services firm discovers that its customer data is scattered across 14 disconnected systems with no consistent definitions, poor quality, and no governance around who can access it.
Which of the four dimensions is MOST relevant to address this?
AOrganisations and people
BPartners and suppliers
CValue streams and processes
D ✓Information and technology
Explanation: Information and technology covers data, information management, tools, and technologies — including data quality and governance.
Question 31 of 40The ITIL Four Dimensions
A government agency outsources its entire infrastructure to a third-party hosting provider. A few months later, the provider suffers a major outage, leaving the agency's services unavailable for 18 hours.
Which dimension was MOST insufficiently managed?
AInformation and technology
BValue streams and processes
C ✓Partners and suppliers
DOrganisations and people
Explanation: Partners and suppliers covers relationships with external organisations. Insufficient management of the hosting provider relationship — including resilience requirements — led to the outage impact.
Question 32 of 40The ITIL Four Dimensions
Identify the missing word(s) in the following sentence.
The mnemonic [ ? ] helps remember the Four Dimensions of Product and Service Management: Value streams and processes, Organisations and people, Information and technology, Partners and suppliers.
ASTOPKFC
BPESTLE
C ✓VOIP
DDIKW
Explanation: VOIP is the mnemonic for the Four Dimensions of Product and Service Management: Value streams and processes, Organisations and people, Information and technology, Partners and suppliers. STOPKFC = guiding principles; PESTLE = external factors affecting the dimensions; DIKW = data-information-knowledge-wisdom hierarchy.
Question 33 of 40Value stream identification, mapping, and management
A telecommunications company identifies the sequence of steps it follows every time a customer reports a service outage — from the initial call through diagnosis, repair, and confirmation with the customer.
What ITIL concept does this sequence represent?
AOperating model
B ✓Value stream
CProcess
DService catalogue entry
Explanation: A value stream is a series of steps an organisation uses to create and deliver products and services to a service consumer.
Question 34 of 40Value stream identification, mapping, and management
An organisation maps its incident resolution process visually, showing each step, teams involved, handover points, and the time spent waiting between steps. The goal is to identify and eliminate unnecessary delays.
What technique is being applied?
ABusiness process re-engineering
B ✓Value stream mapping
CBenchmarking
DRoot cause analysis
Explanation: Value stream mapping is a technique for the visual representation and analysis of value streams, specifically used to identify waste, bottlenecks, and waiting time.
Question 35 of 40Value stream identification, mapping, and management
An organisation uses the same eight value chain activities for all services. However, when onboarding a new enterprise customer it activates four activities, while deploying a new internal tool activates six different ones.
What does this demonstrate about value streams?
AEach service requires a completely different value chain
BValue streams are fixed and the same for all service types
C ✓Different value streams can use different combinations of value chain activities
DValue streams replace the value chain for complex services
Explanation: A value stream is a specific path through the value chain — selecting only the activities needed for a particular outcome. Different scenarios activate different combinations of the same 8 activities.
Question 36 of 40Value stream identification, mapping, and management
After mapping its software deployment value stream, an organisation identifies that a manual approval step takes 3 days on average but only 20 minutes of actual work. The remaining time is waiting.
What is the term for the unproductive time between steps in a value stream?
ABottleneck
BLead time
C ✓Wait time
DCycle time
Explanation: Wait time is the time spent waiting between value stream steps with no productive work occurring. Reducing wait time is a primary goal of value stream mapping and management.
Question 37 of 40ITIL Product and Service Lifecycle
Before committing to develop a new mobile banking application, a bank's IT team meets with retail banking leaders to understand customer pain points, market trends, and strategic priorities.
Which lifecycle activity does this represent?
ADesign
B ✓Discover
CAcquire
DBuild
Explanation: Discover ensures continual alignment of product roadmaps with consumer needs and organisational strategy. Gathering strategic and customer insight before committing is the Discover activity.
Question 38 of 40ITIL Product and Service Lifecycle
A software team creates an early version of a new customer portal that demonstrates the core booking flow and key screens, shared with selected users for feedback before full development begins.
What is this early version called in ITIL terms?
ASpecification
BRelease candidate
C ✓Prototype
DMinimum viable product
Explanation: A prototype is an initial creation of a product or service that demonstrates its basic form, functionality, and operational capabilities — used during Design to validate assumptions before full Build.
Question 39 of 40ITIL Product and Service Lifecycle
A development team pushes code changes to a shared repository. Each push automatically triggers a build and a suite of automated tests. Failing tests block the change from proceeding.
Which DevOps practice is this?
AContinuous deployment
BContinuous delivery
C ✓Continuous integration
DSite Reliability Engineering
Explanation: Continuous integration involves automated builds and tests triggered on every code commit. If tests fail the change is blocked — distinct from continuous delivery (ready to deploy) or deployment (auto-deployed to production).
Question 40 of 40ITIL Product and Service Lifecycle
A retail organisation monitors its e-commerce platform 24/7 using dashboards showing response times, error rates, and system resource usage. When anomalies occur, alerts are triggered automatically.
Which value chain activity and associated concept BEST describes this capability?
ASupport — using incident management to track issues
B ✓Operate — using observability to understand system state
CDeliver — monitoring service quality for customers
DTransition — validating that the system meets requirements
Explanation: Operate maintains and monitors systems. Observability is the ability to understand the internal state of a system by analysing its outputs (metrics, logs, traces) — exactly what the monitoring dashboards provide.